Glycoside Hydrolase Family 136

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• Author: ^^^Chihaya Yamada^^^
• Responsible Curator: ^^^Shinya Fushinobu^^^

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Glycoside Hydrolase Family GH136
Clan	GH-x
Mechanism	retaining
Active site residues	known
CAZy DB link
http://www.cazy.org/GH136.html

Substrate specificities

This family of glycoside hydrolases contains Lacto-N-biosidase, as demonstrated for LnbX from Bifidobacterium longum JCM 1217 [1]. LnbX liberates the disaccharide Galβ1-3GlcNAc(LNB) from Human Milk Oligossacharides, lacto-N-tetraose, Lacto-N-fucopentaose I, lacto-N-tetraose, lacto-N-fucopentaose I, and sialyllacto-N-tetraose a as substrate of the GH136 lacto-N-biosidase from B. longum JCM 1217.

In addition, LnbX liberates Galβ1-3GalNAc (GNB) from the sugar chains of globo- and ganglio-series glycosphingolipids [2, 3, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19].

Kinetics and Mechanism

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Catalytic Residues

The nucleophile is Asp418. The catalytic acid/base is Asp411 via water molecule.

Three-dimensional structures

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Family Firsts

First stereochemistry determination

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First catalytic nucleophile identification

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First general acid/base residue identification

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First 3-D structure

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References

1. Sakurama H, Kiyohara M, Wada J, Honda Y, Yamaguchi M, Fukiya S, Yokota A, Ashida H, Kumagai H, Kitaoka M, Yamamoto K, and Katayama T. (2013). Lacto-N-biosidase encoded by a novel gene of Bifidobacterium longum subspecies longum shows unique substrate specificity and requires a designated chaperone for its active expression. J Biol Chem. 2013;288(35):25194-25206. DOI:10.1074/jbc.M113.484733 |
20. Gotoh A, Katoh T, Sugiyama Y, Kurihara S, Honda Y, Sakurama H, Kambe T, Ashida H, Kitaoka M, Yamamoto K, and Katayama T. (2015). Novel substrate specificities of two lacto-N-biosidases towards β-linked galacto-N-biose-containing oligosaccharides of globo H, Gb5, and GA1. Carbohydr Res. 2015;408:18-24. DOI:10.1016/j.carres.2015.03.005 |
21. Yamada C, Gotoh A, Sakanaka M, Hattie M, Stubbs KA, Katayama-Ikegami A, Hirose J, Kurihara S, Arakawa T, Kitaoka M, Okuda S, Katayama T, and Fushinobu S. (2017). Molecular Insight into Evolution of Symbiosis between Breast-Fed Infants and a Member of the Human Gut Microbiome Bifidobacterium longum. Cell Chem Biol. 2017;24(4):515-524.e5. DOI:10.1016/j.chembiol.2017.03.012 |
22. Pichler MJ, Yamada C, Shuoker B, Alvarez-Silva C, Gotoh A, Leth ML, Schoof E, Katoh T, Sakanaka M, Katayama T, Jin C, Karlsson NG, Arumugam M, Fushinobu S, and Abou Hachem M. (2020). Butyrate producing colonic Clostridiales metabolise human milk oligosaccharides and cross feed on mucin via conserved pathways. Nat Commun. 2020;11(1):3285. DOI:10.1038/s41467-020-17075-x |