CAZypedia needs your help! We have many unassigned GH, PL, CE, AA, GT, and CBM pages in need of Authors and Responsible Curators.
Scientists at all career stages, including students, are welcome to contribute to CAZypedia. Read more here, and in the 10th anniversary article in Glycobiology.
New to the CAZy classification? Read this first.
*
Consider attending the 15th Carbohydrate Bioengineering Meeting in Ghent, 5-8 May 2024.

Difference between revisions of "Template:News"

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'''17 June 2020:''' ''PLs from the sea.'' The '''[[Polysaccharide Lyase Family 7]]''' page, which was written by '''[[User:Nadine Gerlach|Nadine Gerlach]]''', was promoted to completed by [[Curator Approved]] status today by '''[[User:Jan-Hendrik Hehemann|Jan-Hendrik Hehemann]]'''.  The founding member of '''[[PL7]]''', an alginate lyase, was characterized way back in 1993 by a team notably including CAZypedian [[User:Gurvan Michel|Gurvan Michel]].  Alginate is heteropolysaccharide from brown algae and mucoid bacteria, consisting of beta-{{Smallcaps|d}}-mannuronate (M) and alpha-{{Smallcaps|l}}-guluronate (G) residues in varying ratios and intra-chain distributions, depending on the source.  As a result, '''[[PL7]]''' members exhibit mannuronate, guluronate, or mixed link specificity.  ''Read more about the deep history of enzymolgoy and structural biology of PL7 [[Polysaccharide Lyase Family 7|here]], including seminal work by '''[[User:Jan-Hendrik Hehemann|Jan-Hendrik]]''' showing the horixontal gene transfer of these enzymes into the human gut microbiota and other marine bacteria.''  
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'''25 November 2021''' ''Something to CRO about!:'' In our latest [[Curator Approved]] page in a while, '''[[User:Maria Cleveland|Maria Cleveland]]''' has written an extensive history of the Copper Radical Oxidases (CROs) that constitute '''[[Auxiliary Activity Family 5]]'''.  The archetypal '''[[AA5]]''' CRO is the ''Fusarium graminearum'' galactose oxidase, which was first isolated in the 1950s, provided the first 3-D structure in the 1990s, and has been the subject of numerous mechanistic studies up through the new millennium.  '''[[AA5]]''' also contains the glyoxal oxidases, which were discovered in Wisconsin in the late 1980s and form their own subfamily. More recent work by [[User:Maria Cleveland|Maria]], [[User:Yann Mathieu|Yann Mathieu]], and others has shown that a wider range of substrate specificities exists in this family than previously anticipated, while the catalytic flexibility of wild-type and mutant enzymes has spurred numerous biotech applications. ''Slide on over to the '''[[AA5]]''' page, which includes a <u>deep</u> reference list, to learn more about these interesting enzymes!''
 
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'''23 June 2021''' ''A free CAZypedia webinar:'' Check out the presentation on ''CAZypedia'' by [[Board of Curators|Senior Curator]] [[User:Elizabeth Ficko-Blean|Elizabeth Ficko-Blean]], which was part of a webinar on Recent Advances in Carbohydrate-Active Enzymes organized by [[User:Stefan Janecek|Stefan Janecek]].  [[User:Stefan Janecek|Stefan]] also gave a talk on alpha-amylase bioinformatics, and Nicolas Terrapon gave an overview of the [http://www.cazy.org/ CAZy database] in a presentation entitled "Carbohydrate-Active EnZymes Annotation in the High-Throughput Era".  ''More information on the webinar can be found [https://molecules-12.sciforum.net/ here], and you can [https://youtu.be/JyV-zkr8Jw4 watch all three lectures for free on YouTube].''
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'''16 June 2020:''' ''From rotting plants to vegetable digestion in the gut.'' The '''[[Polysaccharide Lyase Family 9]]''' page was completed by '''[[User:Ana Luis|Ana Luis]]''' and upgraded to [[Curator Approved]] status today by '''[[User:Wade Abbott|Wade Abbott]]'''.  '''[[PL9]]'''  was originally identified and characterized as part of the pectin-degrading machinery from the plant pathogenic bacterium [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dickeya_dadantii ''Dickeya dadantii''] (''Erwinia chrysanthemi''), including seminal structural work by [[User:Richard Pickersgill|Richard Pickersgill]] and colleagues.  More recently '''[[User:Ana Luis|Ana]]''' and '''[[User:Wade Abbott|Wade]]''', as part of a big team involving other CAZypedians [[User:Jonathon Briggs|Jonathon Briggs]], [[User:Didier Ndeh|Didier Ndeh]], [[User:Alan Cartmell|Alan Cartmell]], [[User:Bernard Henrissat|Bernard Henrissat]], and [[User:Harry Gilbert|Harry Gilbert]], shed new light on the role of '''[[PL9]]''' members in the human gut microbiota. ''Take some time to learn more about the long and rich history of '''[[Polysaccharide Lyase Family 9]]!'''''
 
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'''13 June 2020:''' ''A GH family with lots of unknowns.'' '''[[Glycoside Hydrolase Family 151]]''' is a fairly old family of alpha-{{Smallcaps|l}}-fucosidases in the CAZy classification, yet a number of key mechanistic and structure-function questions remain to be explored, as we learn in the '''[[GH151]]''' page completed today by '''[[User:Casper Wilkens|Casper Wilkens]]''', '''[[User:David Teze|David Teze]]''', and '''[[User:Birgitte Zeuner|Birgitte Zeuner]]'''.  ''See a current example of how information on [[Glycoside Hydrolase Families]] is constantly evolving '''[[Glycoside Hydrolase Family 151|here]]'''.''
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'''31 May 2021''' ''Celebrating CAZy:'' The [[B.A. Stone Award for Excellence in Plant Polysaccharide Biochemistry]] was awarded to [http://www.cazy.org/ CAZy] founder [[User:Bernard Henrissat|Bernard Henrissat]] today.  CAZy, ''CAZypedia'', and [[Bruce Stone|Prof. Bruce Stone]] have a [[CAZypedia:History|long, intertwined history]], and today we celebrate [[User:Bernard Henrissat|Bernie's]] insight to create a [https://doi.org/10.1042/BIO03004026 sequence-based classification of the Carbohydrate-Active EnZymes], [https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-1119(89)90339-9 starting with the cellulases].
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'''10 June 2020:''' ''A new Senior Curator.'' Today we welcome '''[[User:Elizabeth Ficko-Blean|Elizabeth Ficko-Blean]]''' as a '''[[Board of Curators|Senior Curator]]''' in ''CAZypedia''.  Over the past ca. 3 years, [[User:Elizabeth Ficko-Blean|Liz]] has been the major force driving the production of the [[Carbohydrate Binding Module Families|many new Carbohydrate Binding Module Family pages now in ''CAZypedia'']] through the active recruitment of [[Author]]s and [[Responsible Curator]]s, as well as a lot of subsequent editorial work.
 
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'''10 June 2020:''' ''Back to the origins of CAZy.'' A page on a [[Carbohydrate-binding modules|Carbohydrate Binding Module]] family that was first classified as Cellulose-Binding Domain Family V (CBD V), and has since been renamed in CAZy as '''[[Carbohydrate Binding Module Family 5]]''', is now on-line in ''CAZypedia''. While originally considered to be cellulose-binding domains, there are now several examples of the [[Carbohydrate-binding_modules#Types|type A]] [[CBM5]] members interacting with chitin.  Thank you to '''[[User:Manjeet Kaur|Manjeet Kaur]]'''  for [[author]]ing the page and to '''[[User:Appa Rao Podile|Appa Rao Podile]]''' for acting as [[Responsible Curator]]. ''Read up on this old school family of CBMs '''[[CBM5|here]]'''.''
 
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'''10 June 2020:''' ''Continued growth among the esterases.'' The '''[[Carbohydrate Esterase Family 3]]''' page, [[Author]]ed by grad student '''[[User:Stefen Stangherlin|Stefen Stangherlin]]''', was finalized and [[Curator Approved]] by '''[[User:Joel Weadge|Joel Weadge]]''' and '''[[User:Michael Suits|Michael Suits]]''' today.  '''[[CE3]]''' comprises a group of specific acetyl-xylan esterases with a rich history of initial discovery, mechanistic analysis, and structural characterization. ''We thank '''[[User:Stefen Stangherlin|Stefen]]''', '''[[User:Joel Weadge|Joel]]''', and '''[[User:Michael Suits|Mike]]''' for contributing yet another page to the growing [[Carbohydrate Esterase Families|CE family section]] in CAZypedia - read more on CE3 '''[[Carbohydrate Esterase Family 3|here]]'''.''
 
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'''15 May 2020:''' ''CBM20 for 2020!'' The multifunctional starch-disrupting, starch-binding and enzyme targeting [[CBM20]] family is now up and running in ''CAZypedia''.  These pervasive CBMs have been identified in CAZy families including [[glycoside hydrolases]] and  [[Auxiliary Activity Families|lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases]] but also in non-CAZy enzymes.  The page was authored by '''[[User:Marie Sofie Moeller|Marie Sofie Møller]]''' with '''[[User:Birte Svensson|Birte Svensson]]''' and '''[[User:Stefan Janecek|Stefan Janecek]]''' acting as responsible curators. ''Find out more on this starch-interacting family '''[[CBM20|here]]'''.''
 
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'''15 May 2020:''' ''More on beta(1,3)-glucanases.'' The '''[[Glycoside Hydrolase Family 64]]''' page, [[Author]]ed by '''[[User:Julie Grondin|Julie Grondin]]''', was completed and [[Curator Approved]] today. '''[[GH64]]''' comprises a group of β-1,3-glucanases, primarily from bacteria.The archetype of this family was originally cloned from a ''Streptomyces'' species in the late 1990's and was the subject of mechanistic and structural analysis through the first decade of the new millenium. Notably, analysis by a team led by '''[[User:Bernard Henrissat|Bernard Henrissat]]''' defined that this enzyme, and thus family, uses an [[inverting]] mechanism, further disntiguishing it from well-known [[retaining]] beta(1,3)-glucanases of [[GH16]], [[GH17]], and others, including the recently described [[GH158]] beta(1,3)-glucanases reported below.  ''Read more about the unique '''[[Glycoside Hydrolase Family 64|Glycoside Hydrolase Family 64 here]]'''.''
 
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'''11 May 2020:''' ''Three more from the gut.'' '''[[User:Alan Cartmell|Alan Cartmell]]''' completed no less than three new [[Glycoside Hydrolase Families|Glycoside Hydrolase Family]] pages on this day.  '''[[Glycoside Hydrolase Family 137]]''', '''[[Glycoside Hydrolase Family 140]]''', and '''[[Glycoside Hydrolase Family 145]]''' were all created from a series of studies of Polysacchardie Utilization Loci from human gut bacteria by '''[[User:Harry Gilbert|Harry Gilbert]]'s''' group, to which '''[[User:Alan Cartmell|Alan]]''' contributed defining crystallography. '''[[User:Alan Cartmell|Alan]]''' has also taken over the duty of [[Responsible Curator]] of these pages following the retirement of the venerable '''[[User:Harry Gilbert|Professor Gilbert]]''', one of ''CAZypedia's'' [[CAZypedia:History|founding Senior Curators]]. ''Read more about the substrate specificity and structural biology of these three diverse families on their corresponding pages.''
 
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'''6 May 2020:''' ''CE #1!'' The first [[Carbohydrate Esterase Families|Carbohydrate Esterase Family]] page in the series, '''[[CE1]]''', was [[Curator Approved]] today.  [[Author]]ed by '''[[User:Casper Wilkens|Casper Wilkens]]''', the '''[[Carbohydrate Esterase Family 1]]''' page describes an old family of carbohydrate-specific and other esterases, members of which were identified through classical biochemistry before the present age of easy gene cloning and sequencing. Carbohydrate-active members of '''[[CE1]]''' include acetyl xylan esterases, cinnamoyl esterases, and feruloyl esterases responsible for hydrolyzing pendant acyl groups from plant cell wall matrix glycans (hemicelluloses). ''Read more about the long history of '''[[Carbohydrate Esterase Family 1]]''' here.''
 
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'''10 April 2020:''' ''Yet another new one from the gut.'' Today, [[Author]] '''[[User:Kazune Tamura|Kazune Tamura]]''' completed the '''[[Glycoside Hydrolase Family 158]]''' page. '''[[GH158]]''' emerged in 2019 from a high-throughput biochemical survey of sequences identified as distantly related to [[glycoside hydrolases]] by the CAZy team, who first demonstrated ''endo''-beta(1,3)-glucanase activity for the founding member of the family from the human gut bacterium ''Victivallis vadensis''. Contemporaneously, analysis of homolgos from human gut ''Bacteroides'' species by Guillaume Dejean and '''[[User:Kazune Tamura|Kazune Tamura]]''' resolved details of the specificity, mechanism, and tertiary structure of '''[[GH158]]''' members in Polysaccharide Utilization Loci. ''Read about the detailed history and juicy details of this new GH family '''[[Glycoside Hydrolase Family 158|here]]'''.''
 
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'''8 April 2020:''' ''Another new one from the gut.'' The '''[[Glycoside Hydrolase Family 164]]''' page, which was [[author]]ed by '''[[User:Zachary Armstrong|Zachary Armstrong]]''', was upgraded to [[Curator Approved]] status by [[Responsible Curator]] '''[[User:Gideon Davies|Gideon Davies]]''' today.  '''[[Glycoside Hydrolase Family 164]]''' is yet another newly discovered [[Glycoside Hydrolase Families|GH family]] from a human gut bacterium - this time through a large-scale effort by teams at AFMB and CERMAV spearheaded by [[User:Bernard Henrissat|Bernard Henrissat]].  The founding member of '''[[GH164]]''' is a beta-mannosidase from ''Bacteroides salyersiae'', on which '''[[User:Zachary Armstrong|Zach]]''' and  '''[[User:Gideon Davies|Gideon]]''' performed a classic mechanistic and structural analysis to define the central aspects of catalysis in this new family. ''Read more about this new - and currently tiny - GH family '''[[Glycoside Hydrolase Family 164|here]]'''.''
 
 
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Revision as of 08:39, 30 November 2021

25 November 2021 Something to CRO about!: In our latest Curator Approved page in a while, Maria Cleveland has written an extensive history of the Copper Radical Oxidases (CROs) that constitute Auxiliary Activity Family 5. The archetypal AA5 CRO is the Fusarium graminearum galactose oxidase, which was first isolated in the 1950s, provided the first 3-D structure in the 1990s, and has been the subject of numerous mechanistic studies up through the new millennium. AA5 also contains the glyoxal oxidases, which were discovered in Wisconsin in the late 1980s and form their own subfamily. More recent work by Maria, Yann Mathieu, and others has shown that a wider range of substrate specificities exists in this family than previously anticipated, while the catalytic flexibility of wild-type and mutant enzymes has spurred numerous biotech applications. Slide on over to the AA5 page, which includes a deep reference list, to learn more about these interesting enzymes!

23 June 2021 A free CAZypedia webinar: Check out the presentation on CAZypedia by Senior Curator Elizabeth Ficko-Blean, which was part of a webinar on Recent Advances in Carbohydrate-Active Enzymes organized by Stefan Janecek. Stefan also gave a talk on alpha-amylase bioinformatics, and Nicolas Terrapon gave an overview of the CAZy database in a presentation entitled "Carbohydrate-Active EnZymes Annotation in the High-Throughput Era". More information on the webinar can be found here, and you can watch all three lectures for free on YouTube.

31 May 2021 Celebrating CAZy: The B.A. Stone Award for Excellence in Plant Polysaccharide Biochemistry was awarded to CAZy founder Bernard Henrissat today. CAZy, CAZypedia, and Prof. Bruce Stone have a long, intertwined history, and today we celebrate Bernie's insight to create a sequence-based classification of the Carbohydrate-Active EnZymes, starting with the cellulases.

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