CAZypedia needs your help!
We have many unassigned pages in need of Authors and Responsible Curators. See a page that's out-of-date and just needs a touch-up? - You are also welcome to become a CAZypedian. Here's how.
Scientists at all career stages, including students, are welcome to contribute.
Learn more about CAZypedia's misson here and in this article.
Totally new to the CAZy classification? Read this first.

Difference between revisions of "Glycoside Hydrolase Family 33"

From CAZypedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Line 29: Line 29:
  
 
== Substrate specificities ==
 
== Substrate specificities ==
Sialic acids, often known as N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac, NANA, NeuNAc, NeuNA), are a family of nine carbon monosaccharides with a carboxylate group in the carbon 1 position that occupy the terminal position of the glycans, glycoproteins, glycolipids, and polysaccharides in cells and play important roles in interactions of the cell with its environment <cite>Varki1997</cite>. More than 50 sialic acid derivatives have been detected in eukaryotic and prokaryotic species; the most frequently detected sialic acids have an  α(2,3) or α(2,6) linkage to galactose, N-acetylgalactosamine, and N-acetylglucosamine or an α(2,8) linkage to another sialic acids [3][4]. Sialic acids are hydrolyzed by sialidases (E.C. 3.2.1.18), and these enzymes are categorized into four different glycoside hydrolase(GH) families: GH33, GH34, and GH 83 families are exosialidases while GH 53 is an endosialidase[5].
+
Sialic acids, often known as N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac, NANA, NeuNAc, NeuNA), are a family of nine carbon monosaccharides with a carboxylate group in the carbon 1 position that occupy the terminal position of the glycans, glycoproteins, glycolipids, and polysaccharides in cells and play important roles in interactions of the cell with its environment <cite>Varki1997</cite>. More than 50 sialic acid derivatives have been detected in eukaryotic and prokaryotic species; the most frequently detected sialic acids have an  α(2,3) or α(2,6) linkage to galactose, N-acetylgalactosamine, and N-acetylglucosamine or an α(2,8) linkage to another sialic acids <cite>Kim2011 Varki2007 Vimir2004</cite>. Sialic acids are hydrolyzed by sialidases (E.C. 3.2.1.18), and these enzymes are categorized into four different glycoside hydrolase(GH) families: GH33, GH34, and GH 83 families are exosialidases while GH 53 is an endosialidase <cite>Buschiazzo2008</cite>.
  
 
This is an example of how to make references to a journal article <cite>Comfort2007</cite>. (See the References section below).  Multiple references can go in the same place like this <cite>Comfort2007 He1999</cite>.  You can even cite books using just the ISBN <cite>StickWilliams</cite>.  References that are not in PubMed can be typed in by hand <cite>Sinnott1990</cite>.   
 
This is an example of how to make references to a journal article <cite>Comfort2007</cite>. (See the References section below).  Multiple references can go in the same place like this <cite>Comfort2007 He1999</cite>.  You can even cite books using just the ISBN <cite>StickWilliams</cite>.  References that are not in PubMed can be typed in by hand <cite>Sinnott1990</cite>.   
Line 59: Line 59:
 
#Sinnott1990 Sinnott, M.L. (1990) Catalytic mechanisms of enzymic glycosyl transfer. Chem. Rev. 90, 1171-1202. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cr00105a006 DOI: 10.1021/cr00105a006]
 
#Sinnott1990 Sinnott, M.L. (1990) Catalytic mechanisms of enzymic glycosyl transfer. Chem. Rev. 90, 1171-1202. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cr00105a006 DOI: 10.1021/cr00105a006]
 
#Varki1997 pmid=9068613
 
#Varki1997 pmid=9068613
 +
#Kim2011 pmid=21544654
 +
#Varki2007 pmid=17460663
 +
#Vimir2004 pmid=15007099
 +
#Buschiazzo2008 pmid=18625334
 
</biblio>
 
</biblio>
  
  
 
[[Category:Glycoside Hydrolase Families|GH033]]
 
[[Category:Glycoside Hydrolase Families|GH033]]

Revision as of 14:49, 15 July 2013

Under construction icon-blue-48px.png

This page is currently under construction. This means that the Responsible Curator has deemed that the page's content is not quite up to CAZypedia's standards for full public consumption. All information should be considered to be under revision and may be subject to major changes.


Glycoside Hydrolase Family GH33
Clan GH-x
Mechanism retaining/inverting
Active site residues known/not known
CAZy DB link
http://www.cazy.org/GH33.html


Substrate specificities

Sialic acids, often known as N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac, NANA, NeuNAc, NeuNA), are a family of nine carbon monosaccharides with a carboxylate group in the carbon 1 position that occupy the terminal position of the glycans, glycoproteins, glycolipids, and polysaccharides in cells and play important roles in interactions of the cell with its environment [1]. More than 50 sialic acid derivatives have been detected in eukaryotic and prokaryotic species; the most frequently detected sialic acids have an α(2,3) or α(2,6) linkage to galactose, N-acetylgalactosamine, and N-acetylglucosamine or an α(2,8) linkage to another sialic acids [2, 3, 4]. Sialic acids are hydrolyzed by sialidases (E.C. 3.2.1.18), and these enzymes are categorized into four different glycoside hydrolase(GH) families: GH33, GH34, and GH 83 families are exosialidases while GH 53 is an endosialidase [5].

This is an example of how to make references to a journal article [6]. (See the References section below). Multiple references can go in the same place like this [6, 7]. You can even cite books using just the ISBN [8]. References that are not in PubMed can be typed in by hand [9].


Kinetics and Mechanism

Content is to be added here.


Catalytic Residues

Content is to be added here.


Three-dimensional structures

Content is to be added here.


Family Firsts

First stereochemistry determination
Cite some reference here, with a short (1-2 sentence) explanation [6].
First catalytic nucleophile identification
Cite some reference here, with a short (1-2 sentence) explanation [9].
First general acid/base residue identification
Cite some reference here, with a short (1-2 sentence) explanation [7].
First 3-D structure
Cite some reference here, with a short (1-2 sentence) explanation [8].

References

  1. Varki A (1997). Sialic acids as ligands in recognition phenomena. FASEB J. 1997;11(4):248-55. DOI:10.1096/fasebj.11.4.9068613 | PubMed ID:9068613 [Varki1997]
  2. Kim S, Oh DB, Kang HA, and Kwon O. (2011). Features and applications of bacterial sialidases. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2011;91(1):1-15. DOI:10.1007/s00253-011-3307-2 | PubMed ID:21544654 [Kim2011]
  3. Varki A (2007). Glycan-based interactions involving vertebrate sialic-acid-recognizing proteins. Nature. 2007;446(7139):1023-9. DOI:10.1038/nature05816 | PubMed ID:17460663 [Varki2007]
  4. Vimr ER, Kalivoda KA, Deszo EL, and Steenbergen SM. (2004). Diversity of microbial sialic acid metabolism. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2004;68(1):132-53. DOI:10.1128/MMBR.68.1.132-153.2004 | PubMed ID:15007099 [Vimir2004]
  5. Buschiazzo A and Alzari PM. (2008). Structural insights into sialic acid enzymology. Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2008;12(5):565-72. DOI:10.1016/j.cbpa.2008.06.017 | PubMed ID:18625334 [Buschiazzo2008]
  6. Comfort DA, Bobrov KS, Ivanen DR, Shabalin KA, Harris JM, Kulminskaya AA, Brumer H, and Kelly RM. (2007). Biochemical analysis of Thermotoga maritima GH36 alpha-galactosidase (TmGalA) confirms the mechanistic commonality of clan GH-D glycoside hydrolases. Biochemistry. 2007;46(11):3319-30. DOI:10.1021/bi061521n | PubMed ID:17323919 [Comfort2007]
  7. He S and Withers SG. (1997). Assignment of sweet almond beta-glucosidase as a family 1 glycosidase and identification of its active site nucleophile. J Biol Chem. 1997;272(40):24864-7. DOI:10.1074/jbc.272.40.24864 | PubMed ID:9312086 [He1999]
  8. Robert V. Stick and Spencer J. Williams. (2009) Carbohydrates. Elsevier Science. [StickWilliams]
  9. Sinnott, M.L. (1990) Catalytic mechanisms of enzymic glycosyl transfer. Chem. Rev. 90, 1171-1202. DOI: 10.1021/cr00105a006

    [Sinnott1990]

All Medline abstracts: PubMed