Syn/anti lateral protonation

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• Author: ^^^Wim Nerinckx^^^
• Responsible Curator: ^^^Spencer Williams^^^

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Overview

This page will provide a table and eventually a full lexicon article on the spatial positioning of the catalytic general acid residue in the active sites of glycoside hydrolases. The table below updates those found in the seminal paper on this concept by Heightman and Vasella [1], and the more recent summary by Nerinckx et al. [2].

Table

This table can be re-sorted by clicking on the icons in the header (javascript must be turned on in your browser). To reset the page to be sorted by GH family, click the page above the page title.

Family	Anomeric specificity	Mechanism	General acid	syn/anti	Nucleophile or General base	Ligand	Organism	Enzyme	PDB ID	Primary reference
GH1	beta	retaining	Glu160	anti	Glu375	product	Lactococcus lactis	6-phosopho-beta-galactosidase	4pbg	[3]
GH9	beta	inverting	Glu424	anti	Asp55,Asp58	product	Thermomonospora fusca	cellulase	3tf4,4tf4	[4]

References

1. Heightman, T.D. and Vasella, A.T. (1999) Recent Insights into Inhibition, Structure, and Mechanism of Configuration-Retaining Glycosidases. Angewandte Chemie-International Edition 38(6), 750-770. Article online.

2. Nerinckx W, Desmet T, Piens K, and Claeyssens M. (2005). An elaboration on the syn-anti proton donor concept of glycoside hydrolases: electrostatic stabilisation of the transition state as a general strategy. FEBS Lett. 2005;579(2):302-12. DOI:10.1016/j.febslet.2004.12.021 |
3. Wiesmann C, Hengstenberg W, and Schulz GE. (1997). Crystal structures and mechanism of 6-phospho-beta-galactosidase from Lactococcus lactis. J Mol Biol. 1997;269(5):851-60. DOI:10.1006/jmbi.1997.1084 |